---

The concept of intelligence has been a matter of interest and fascination for many philosophers and explorers since ancient time. In this century, there has been considerable controversy over the meaning of intelligence. Throughout the twentieth century some psychologists have argued for greater acknowledgment of the fact that people can be intelligent in different ways. But, what is intelligence? To explore this holistically, I have begun my journey by proposing E PLURIBUS UNUM´ (from Many in One), striving to explore the essence´ of human intelligence by a collage of existing theories (but not a meta synthesis), constructs, and concepts of intelligence from different disciplines juxtaposed by data emerged from phenomenological-transpersonal inquiry presented in this book. Trinity Paradigm of Intelligence provides a holistic framework for better understanding of human intelligence, one´s purpose of life, and the role that intelligence plays to achieve that purpose.

---

Dr. Ghaffari maintains an active qualitative research program aimed at understanding and promoting students´ academic and life success. His research interests include understanding ontology/epistemology of human intelligence. He has background in educational psychology, health education, nursing leadership,medical technology,and medicine.

---