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A hybrid solar dryer was designed and constructed using direct solar energy and a heat exchanger. The drying chamber was located directly under the solar collector. The dryer was operated during normal sunny days as a solar dryer, and during cloudy day as a hybrid solar dryer. Drying was also used at night with stored heat energy in water which was collected during the time of sun-shine and with electric heaters located at water tank. The efficiency of the solar dryer was raised by recycling about 65% of the drying air in the solar dryer and exhausting a small amount of it outside the dryer. Under Mid-European summer conditions it can raise up the air temperature between 30 to 40°C above the ambient temperature. The solar dryer was tested for drying of ripe banana slices. The capacity of the dryer was to dry about 30 kg of banana slices in 8 hours in sunny day from an initial moisture content of 82% to the final moisture content of 18% (wb). In the same time it reduced to only 62% (wb) moisture content in open sun drying method. The colour, aroma and texture of the solar dried products were better than the sun drying products.

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Dr. Baher M. A. Amer, Assistant Professor at Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo Univ. Ph.D: A hybrid solar fruit drying system for small-scale farmers in subtropical and tropical countries. Humboldt Univ. Berlin, Germany in field of Agriculture & Food Engineering. Many International Publications in Food Engineering.

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