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Revision with unchanged content. The massive external debt burden of sub-Sahara Africa has gained widespread attention as a serious policy issue during the past few years. These countries are particularly vulnerable because (1) they have large international borrowing requirements and the resulting external debt is denominated in different currencies; (2) most of their external debt is in obligations with variable interest rates; and (3) their trade in primary commodities is significant. Yet a recent survey by the World Bank revealed that 70 percent of foreign borrowers in developing countries do not hedge their interest rate or exchange rate exposures. In general, the Third World lacks the expertise in the use of recently-developed hedging tools and the understanding of the risk structure of their economies. This book carries out a through analysis of the financial risks characteristics of Nigeria. In addition, a debt composition hedging strategy is developed that minimizes Nigeria´s budget exposure to external price shocks. The survey should be useful to developing countries who may be considering utilizing hedging techniques to improve their credit ratings and limit the impact of volatility in global markets.

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The author, born in the Ivory Coast, is an Assistant Economics Professor at the City University of New York at LaGuardia. He holds both an M.A. in Finance and a PhD in Economics from the Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C. Dr. Kone´s research interests focus on financial risks management, trade, debt, and exchange rate issues in Africa.

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