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The book aims at showing the state-of-the-art in the field of modeling and applications in mathematics education. This is the first volume to do this. The book deals with the question of how key competencies of applications and modeling at the heart of mathematical literacy may be developed; with the roles that applications and modeling may play in mathematics teaching, making mathematics more relevant for students.

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Plenaries.- Less Chalk, Less Words, Less Symbols ... More Objects, More Context, More Actions.- What´s all the Fuss about Competencies?.- A Theory of Mathematical Modelling in Technological Settings.- What Knowledge Do Teachers Need for Teaching Mathematics Through Applications and Modelling?.- Beyond the Low Hanging Fruit.- Modelling for Life: Mathematics and Children´s Experience.- Modelling in Lower Secondary Mathematics Classroom - Problems and Opportunities.- Mathematical Modelling - a Conversation with Henry Pollak.- Issues in Applications and Modelling.- Epistemology and Modelling - Overview.- Modelling Body Motion: an Approach to Functions Using Measuring Instruments.- Emergent Modelling as a Precursor to Mathematical Modelling.- Proving and Modelling.- A Developmental Approach for Supporting the Epistemology of Modeling.- What is Distinctive in (Our Views about) Models & Modelling Perspectives on Mathematics Problem Solving, Learning, and Teaching?.- Everyday Instruments: On the Use of Mathematics.- Authenticity and Goals - Overview.- How to Replace Word Problems with Activities of Realistic Mathematical Modelling.- The Relevance of Modelling and Applications: Relevant to Whom and for What Purpose?.- Features and Impact of the Authenticity of Applied Mathematical School Tasks.- Elementary Modelling in Mathematics Lessons: The Interplay Between "Real-World" Knowledge and "Mathematical Structures".- Modelling Competencies - Overview.- Levels of Modelling Competencies.- Modelling Both Complexity and Abstraction: A Paradox?.- Studying and Remedying Students´ Modelling Competencies: Routine Behaviour or Adaptive Expertise.- Assessing the "Phases" of Mathematical Modelling.- The Arithmetic Operations as Mathematical Models.- Applications and Modelling for Mathematics - Overview.- The Roles of Modelling in Learning Mathematics.- Developing Mathematical Literacy.- Classroom Activities and the Teacher.- Uses of Technologies in Learning Mathematics through Modelling.- Modelling Pedagogy - Overview.- Mathematical Modelling in High School Mathematics: Teachers´ Thinking and Practice.- Mathematical Modelling in Teacher Education - Necessity or Unnecessarily.- Building Concepts and Conceptions in Technology-Based Open Learning Environments.- Towards a Wider Implementation of Mathematical Modelling at Upper Secondary and Tertiary Levels.- How Might we Share Models Through Cooperative Mathematical Modelling? Focus on Situations Based on Individual Experiences.- Implementation and Practice - Overview.- Some Conditions for Modelling to Exist in Mathematics Classrooms.- Picture (Im)Perfect Mathematics!.- Learning Mathematical Modelling - From the Perspective of Probability and Statistics Education.- Considering Workplace Activity from a Mathematical Modelling Perspective.- Assessment and Evaluation - Overview.- Modelling Based Project Examination.- Mathematical Modelling and Applications: Ability and Competence Frameworks.- "To Model, or to Let Them Model?" That is the Question!.- Modelling and Applications in Pisa.- Assessment of Applied Mathematics and Modelling: Using a Laboratory-Like Environment.- Educational Levels.- Modelling and Applications in Primary Education.- Possibilities for, and Obstacles to Teaching Applications and Modelling in the Lower Secondary Levels.- Upper Secondary Perspectives on Applications and Modelling.- Teaching Applications and Modelling at Tertiary Level.- Modelling in Teacher Education.- Cases in Applications and Modelling.- Moving the Context of Modelling to the Forefront: Preservice Teachers´ Investigations of Equity in Testing.- Modelling in Ontario: Success in Moving Along the Continuum.- Implementation Case Study: Sustaining Curriculum Change.- Mathematical Modelling of Social Issues in School Mathematics in South Africa.

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