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This book outlines the underlying principles on which modern road lighting is based, and provides the reader with knowledge of how these principles should be applied in practice.

This book offers a completely fresh approach to the subject, reflecting how the technology of road lighting has progressed to keep up with the changes in lamp technology, especially in solid state light sources, and the increasing awareness of energy use and environmental issues. The book is divided into three parts.

Part One describes lighting of open roads, with chapters discussing visual performance and comfort (including the effects of mesopic vision and age), and international standards and recommendations for road lighting. Lighting equipment is introduced; specifically lamps and luminaires in terms of their practical properties and features, but also the road surface and its characteristics. A chapter on Lighting Design makes the link between theory and practice, providing the reader with the knowledge needed for effective lighting design, including aspects relating to sustainability. The final chapter of Part One deals with lighting calculation conventions and measurements.

Part Two is devoted to light pollution. The negative consequences of light pollution are described and tactics to restrict light pollution explained. Lighting criteria are defined that can be used by the lighting designer to guarantee installations stay within acceptable limits. International standards and recommendations on the restriction of light pollution are discussed.

Part Three is devoted to tunnel lighting, with chapters discussing visual performance in tunnel environments, lighting criteria, standards and recommendations, and concluding with a chapter on tunnel lighting equipment and design.

This book is a valuable resource for road lighting designers and engineers, students of lighting design and engineering, town planners, traffic engineers, environmental specialists, and lamp and luminaire developers and manufacturers.

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Part I Road lighting.- Purpose of lighting.- Basic lighting parameters.- Road-surface luminance for motorized traffic.- Illuminance for pedestrians, cyclists and residents.- Visual performance.- Visual performance for motorists.-Visual performance for pedestrians, cyclists and residents.-Visual performance for pedestrians, cyclists and residents.- Mesopic vision.- Age effects.- Visual comfort and pleasantness.-Visual comfort for motorists.- Visual comfort and pleasantness for pedestrians, cyclists and residents.-Lighting criteria .- Motorized traffic.- Pedestrians, cyclists and residents.- Spectrum of light.-Standards and recommendations.- The CIE recommendation for road lighting.- European standard for road lighting.- North American standard for road lighting.- Equipment.- Lamps and gear.- Luminaires.- Lighting-control devices.- Road surfaces.- Design aspects.- Lighting arrangements.-Mounting height and spacing.- Visual guidance.- Maintenance.- Lighting control.- Light pollution.- Sustainability.- Master planning.- Calculation conventions.- Measurement conventions.- Part II Light pollution.- Balance between positive and negative effects.- Disturbing effects.- Residents.- Motorised and slow-moving traffic.- Astronomers.- Animal life.-Zoning .- Curfewing.- Lighting criteria.- Criteria at area to be lighted.- Criteria at location of disturbance.- Standards and recommendations.- CIE recommendation.- European recommendation.- North American recommendation.- Standards and recommendations.- CIE recommendation.- European recommendation.- North American recommendation.- Equipment.- Luminaires.- Screens and louvres.- Design aspects.- Lighting arrangement.- Reflectance of surfaces.- Lighting control.- Design aspect.- Lighting arrangement.- Reflectance of surfaces.- Lighting control .- Part III Tunnel lighting.- Purpose of lighting.- Fundamentals.- Lighting criteria.- Standards and recommendations.- Equipment.- Design.

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