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There have been a countless new developments in the field of education. It is a fact that in recent years Education has emerged as a professional subject knowledge of which is essential for an effective instruction.The utility of the book is further enhanced by the provision of summary and references and appendices. Not only this the logistic and lucid presentation of the book will foster critical thinking and creative imagination in dealing with the students.It is hoped that this book will enable the teachers to perceive classroom situations with a deeper insight and also increase his/her professional competence. They can focus on the shortcomings of the students so that they can be tackled well in time and can groom and excel in all fields of life.

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Dr. Shazia Siraj born in Saraf Kadal Srinagar in the year 1984. Dr. Shazia Siraj has completed her M.A., B. Ed. Med with Ist division from Kashmir University. The author has completed her M. Phil, with Grade A from the same University. She also holds PhD Degree. The author started her career as assistant Professor in the Sarafraz college of Education and Trainings in the year 2009 and worked there for three years. Presently assistant Professor in Amar Singh College. The author has published 12 research papers on both national and International level in the leading Journals. The author has also teaching experience as a resource person in the Directorate of Distance Education University of Kashmir and IGNOU. The author has also attended ten days seminar conducted by P. G. Department of Education University of Kashmir.

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