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This book presents a collection of nine studies which contribute to a more robust and richer understanding of entrepreneurship, self-employment and retirement in a diversity of settings, including the Netherlands, Canada, the United Kingdom, Singapore and the US, by drawing on both qualitative and quantitative data.

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Chapter 1. Retirement Planning, Financial Literacy and Small Business Owners Chapter 2. One Size Does Not Fit All: Uncovering Older Entrepreneur Diversity Through Motivations, Emotions And Mentoring Needs Chapter 3. Entrepreneurship in a Context of Pending Retirement: The Lived Experience of Older Entrepreneurs Chapter 4. Becoming an Entrepreneur after Retirement: Results from a Longitudinal Study in the Netherlands Chapter 5. What Drives Post-Retirement Age Knowledge-Based Self-Employment? An Investigation of Social, Policy and Individual Factors Chapter 6. Entrepreneurship in Mid-Career Chapter 7. Self-Employment Among Canadian Seniors: Trends And Financial Well-Being Chapter 8. Hybrid Entrepreneurship during Retirement: Comparison of Motives and Aspirations Chapter 9. Self-employment around Retirement Age

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"The main part of the book contains nine chapters which focus on the experiences of pre-retirement and post-retirement entrepreneurs in a number of developed countries ... . will be particularly valuable to early-stage researchers, experienced academics, policy-makers and anyone interested in advancing the field to yield new insights into the retirement process in the 21st century." (Ewa Sadurska-Duffy, Work, employment and society, Vol. 30 (6), 2016)

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Natalie Sappleton is Senior Lecturer at Manchester Metropolitan University Business School, UK. Her research interests are in the intersections between social networks, gender segregation and gender stereotyping in the context of entrepreneurship. Research programmes she has been involved in include Women Audio Visual Engineers (WAVE), Women in North West Engineering and numerous investigations into sex discrimination at the Equality and Human Rights Commission.

Fernando Louren‡o, PhD, is Assistant Professor at the Institute for Tourism Studies (Macau) teaching business and management, entrepreneurship and design courses. Previously, he was Senior Lecturer in Entrepreneurship at Manchester Metropolitan University on an award-winning course. In 2009 he was awarded the National Enterprise Educators Award (UK). He has published research papers in the International Small Business Journal, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, Business Ethics: A European Review, Gender in Management and International Review of Entrepreneurship.

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