---

This book contain the first trial for proving the association between Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection and urinary bladder carcinoma. Many studies mentioned the role of chronic Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection and some factors as a risk factor for bladder cancer but there were no study investigated the role of chronic MTB infection. There are many cellular and humoral responses that occur during chronic Mycobacterial infection may give chance for neoplastic changes in the urothelial cells we tried to review some of these responses and their mechanisms that may enhance malignancy. In this humble work we used molecular techniques to detect MTB in Bladder cancer patients and in other patients. This work is a beginning for a future work that require more investigatory and follow-up studies.

---

Zina AL-Shamiborn in Iraq 1975, Married and a mother of 3 kids. Bachelor degree(BVMS)Veterinary medicine faculty university of Baghdad.MSC and PhD/faculty of Medicine/Kufa University. scholarship/Carver college of Medicine University of Iowa/USA. she have published papers about the effect of infectious agents and induction of urinary tract cancer.

---