This study on Rajbanshi an indigenous community in Nepal has uncovered the traditional health care practices. Their unique traditional customs and practices affected the health of mother and child. Modern health care has played role in improving maternal and child health. But there are still different groups among Rajbanshi who are more vulnerable. This study explored socially constructed practices and values. Both quantitative and qualitative data described the traditional and modern maternal and child care practices and effects.Nawa Raj Subba is a Public Health Professional worked at district health system for more than three decades in Nepal. He involves in research and publication since 1998. He has written several books on public health issues and articles on public health problems. He has earned Ph.D. in Health Psychology from Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu in 2015.