---

This book is a practical guide for the use of simulation in neurosurgery, with chapters covering high fidelity simulation, animal models simulation, cadaveric simulation, and virtual reality simulation. Readers are introduced to the different simulation modalities and technologies and are guided on the use of simulation for a variety of learners, including medical students, residents, practicing pediatricians, and health-related professionals. Comprehensive Healthcare Simulation: Neurosurgery is written and edited by leaders in the field and includes dozens of high-quality color surgical illustrations and photographs as well as videos.

This book is part of the Comprehensive Healthcare Simulation Series which provides focused volumes on the use of simulation in a single specialty or on a specific simulation topic, and emphasizing practical considerations and guidance.

---

COMPREHENSIVE HEALTHCARE SIMULATION: NEUROSURGERY EDITION EDITOR: ALI ALARAJ
PREFACE
PART I. INTRODUCTION TO SIMULATION IN NEUROSURGERY
1. History of Simulation Nabeel Saud Alshafai, Wafa Alduais
PART II. PHYSCIAL MODELS SIMULATION
2. Ventriculostomy Simulation in Neurosurgery Shivani Rangwala, Gregory Arnone, Fady T. Charbel, Ali Alaraj 3. Physical Simulators and Replicators in Endovascular Neurosurgery Training Chander Sadasivan, Baruch B. Lieber, Henry H. Woo 4. 3D Printed Models in Neurosurgical Training Kushal J. Shah, Jeremy C. Peterson, Roukoz Chamoun 5. Synthetic Replica for Training in Microsurgical Anastomosis: An Important Frontier in Neurosurgical Education Rudy J. Rahme, Chandan Krishna, Mithun G. Sattur, Rami James N. Aoun, Matthew E. Welz, Aman Gupta, Bernard R. Bendok 6. Endovascular Surgical Neuroradiology Simulation Teddy E. Kim, Mark B. Frenkel, Kyle M. Fargen, Stacey Q. Wolfe, J. Mocco
PART III. BIOLOGICAL MODELS SIMULATION
7. Biological Models for Neurosurgical Training in Microanastomosis Evgenii Belykh, Michael A. Bohl, Peter Nakaji 8. Pseudo Aneurysm Surgery Simulation Using the "Live Cadaver" Model for Neurosurgical Education Emad Aboud, Talal Aboud, Jaafar Basma, Hassan Saad, Wei Hsun Yang, Ghaith Aboud, Ali Krisht 9. Use of Cadaveric Models in Simulation Training in Spinal Procedures Theodosios Stamatopoulos, Vijay Yanamadals, John H. Shin 10. The Use of Simulation in the Training for Spinal Cord Stimulation for Treatment of Chronic Pain Konstantin V. Slavin, Dali Yin
PART IV. VIRTUAL REALITY SIMULATION
11. Introduction to Haptics Edwing Isaac Mejia Orozco, Christian Javier Luciano 12. Competency Assessment in Virtual Reality-Based Simulation in Neurosurgical Training Laura Stone McGuire, Ali Alaraj 13. Patient-specific Virtual Reality Simulation for Minimally-invasive Neurosurgery Ralf A Kockro, Luis Serra 14. Role of Immersive Touch Simulation in the Neurosurgical Training Denise Brunozzi, Sophia F. Shakur, Amanda Kwasnicki, Rahim Ismail, Fady T. Charbel, Ali Alaraj 15. Role of Surgical Simulation in Neurological Surgery and Aneurysm Clipping: The State of the Art Connie Ju, Jonathan R. Pace, Nicholas C. Bambakidis 16. NeuroVR Simulator in Neurosurgical Training Denise Brunozzi, Laura Stone MdGuire, Ali Alaraj 17. Neurosurgical Anatomy and Approaches to Simulation in Neurosurgical Training Antonio Bernardo, Alexander I. Evins 18. Virtual Reality Simulation for the Spine Ben Roitberg 19. The Use of Simulation in the Training for Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy for Amydalo-hippocampectomy for Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Dali Yin, Aviva Abosch, Steven Ojemann, Konstantin V. Slavin 20. Future of Visualization and Simulation in Neurosurgery Laura Stone McGuire, Amanda Kwasnicki, Rahim Ismail, Talia Weiss, Fady T. Charbel, Ali Alaraj
PART V. SIMULATION TRAINING COURSES
21. The Role of the NREF Endovascular and Cerebrovascular Courses in Neurosurgical Residency and Fellowship Training and Future Directions Jay Vachhani, Jaafar Basma, Erol Veznedaroglu, Michael Lawton, Emad Aboud, Adam Arthur 22. Simulation Training Experience in Neurosurgical Training in Europe Nabeel Saud Alshafai, Wafa Alduais, Maksim Son PART VI. NON-PROCEDURAL TRAINING
23. High Fidelity Simulation in Neuroanesthesia Barbara Stanley 24. Neurocritical Care Simulation Sabine E. M. Kreilinger

---