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This book reports the discovery of two new types of shocks; the volumetric overload shock (VOS) type 1 and type 2. VOS1 is induced by sodium-free fluids and type two is induced by sodium-based fluids. These resolve the puzzles of the transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) syndrome, acute dilutional hyponatraemia and the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It also reports that Starling´s law for the capillary interstitial fluid transfer is wrong, providing the correct alternative based on the hydrodynamics of the porous orifice (G) tube. The G tube when enclosed in a surrounding chamber (C) demonstrate a rapid, dynamic and autonomous circulation between G and C, which correctly replaces the erroneous Starling´s law.

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Ghanem, Ahmed
Dr Ahmed N Ghanem was qualified from Mansoura University, Egypt. He did his postgraduate training to consultant level in the United Kingdom. He worked as Consultant Urologist Surgeon in UK, Saudi Arabia and Egypt. He reported over 60 articles in medical scientific Journals.

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