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Higher education and innovation policies are today seen as central elements in national economic competitiveness, increasingly measured by global rankings. The book analyses the evolution of indicator-based global knowledge governance, where various national attributes have been evaluated under international comparative assessment. Reflecting this general trend, the Shanghai ranking, first published in 2003, has pressured governments and universities all over the world to improve their performance in global competition. More recently, as global rankings have met criticism for their methodology and scope, measurements of various sizes and shapes have proliferated: some celebrating novel methodological solutions, others breaking new conceptual grounds. This book takes a fresh look at developments in the field of knowledge governance by showing how emerging indicators, innovation indexes and subnational comparisons are woven into the existing fabric of measurements that govern our ideas of higher education, innovation and competitiveness. This book argues that while rankings are becoming more numerous and fragmented, the new knowledge products, nevertheless, tend to reproduce ideas and practices existing in the field of global measurement.

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Chapter 1. Introduction.- Chapter 2. Theory: Rankings as Policy Instruments.- Chapter 3. Ideational Background of Global Knowledge Governance.- Chapter 4. Rise of Global Rankings and the Competitive Logic.- Chapter 5. Field Structuration and Fragmentation of Global Rankings.- Chapter 6. From Global to Local: Regional and City-Level Alternatives to Global Rankings.- Chapter 7. Rankings and Global Knowledge Governance.

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Tero Erkkilä is Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Helsinki, Finland. His previous publications include Government Transparency (2012) and Global University Rankings (2013), both published by Palgrave Macmillan. Ossi Piironen is Senior Researcher at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Finland. He has published in various peer reviewed journals and has several years of experience teaching in global governance and methodology of political science at the University of Helsinki, Finland.

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