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The real solution lies to draw a distinction between equality and universality through non-caste secular strategies, universality advocates treatment of human being as equals, and not their equal treatment. The principle of universality appeals to the common humanity of all human beings. This principle often remained on the plane of moral sentiments. A major step forward is taken when it becomes the basis of a whole legal system. Best expression in the constitution is in the concept of citizenship. During the long period of colonial rule Indians were subject rather than citizen. Universal adult franchise is another example supporting universalistic approach. After ensuring political empowerment of schedule caste there is a need to continue the ongoing process of economic and social empowerment. Constitution needs to incorporate human rights with increasing urgency. Right to individual development as a human right, i.e., a right that should be universally acknowledged to all human beings every where is the need of the hour, advocated in the United Nations Development Report 2000 and has been advocated by the studies done by Noble Laureate Dr. Amartya Sen. Thus there is an urgency.

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Jayaramaiah, Kukkanur
Dr. K Jayaramaih , M .A., M.Ed., Ph.D is Post Doctoral Fellow in the Department of Philosophy Sri Venkateswara University TIRUPATI. A distinguished teacher, post doctoral fellow has 12 years teaching experience( philosophy). He also published 5 books (research) and 10 articles in different national journals and magazines.

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