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Various kinds of jamming phenomena are observed in our daily life. In particular, a traffic jam on a motorway is a very familiar phenomenon and attracts a lot of researchers due to its possibility of new insights into collective dynamics of interacting particles. In this book, we have investigated the jamming formation, i.e. shock wave formation in two new models : one describes the dynamics of one-dimensional traffic flow on a motorway as a compressible fluid model, so-called macroscopic approach, based on the dynamical wave theory, and the other describes the dynamics of public conveyance system as a stochastic cellular automaton model so-called microscopic approach. The former topic includes mathematical and physical significance to get to the essence of the mechanism of traffic jam without bottlenecks and the latter topic includes the practical applications as contribution to society of mathematical science.

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Meiji Institute for Advanced Study of Mathematical Sciences (MIMS), Meiji University, and Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo

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