Project planning and analysis is quite essential to assess the benefits and the costs of undertaking a project and leads to the selection of the most promising project for optimum allocation of scarce natural and human resources. The monograph is derived from teaching materials developed by different scholars over years to acquaint undergraduate students with project planning and analysis techniques. However, it depicts past experiences and recent approaches to provide the general framework and basic methodology compatible to the context of developing country. The basic principles are also relevant to the context of transitional and developed countries. The monograph is organised into four major parts and nine chapters. The first part comprises the first two chapters and is devoted to the discussion of the fundamentals of project planning and analysis. The second part deals with the elements of financial analysis and constitutes three chapters. The third part builds on the financial analysis and takes the analysis to an economic one and subdivided into three chapters. The last section and last chapter focuses on the fundamentals of project monitoring and evaluation techniques.I worked at project level for over eight years holding a college diploma in Forestry in 1990. I am working at all stages of the project cycle since the completion of BA degree in Economics in 2001. I got the MA degree in Development studies in 2006. Since then, I am an Ethiopian lecturer teaching "Development Planning and Project Analysis".