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HIV counselling and testing (HCT) is an entry point to know someone´s HIV sero-status that will enable him/her to access prevention, care, support and treatment. Different models of HCT are conducted in Indonesia, according to its target population. However, to reach universal access, HCT need to be scaled up. The uptake of client-initiated counseling and testing approach that widely practiced and known as Voluntary Counselling and Testing, is below expectation. WHO has given recommendation for provider-initiated testing and counselling (PITC). There is a worldwide discussion on the weakness and strength of PITC. This discussion is divided between public health and human rights perspectives. For its implementation in Indonesian setting, some considerations need to be taken, particularly around the Three C´s principles: consent, counselling and confidentiality. This thesis should be useful for government and non government organization, health service provider, policy maker or anyone else who may consider utilizing HIV counselling and testing.

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Viny Sutriani, MPH: Studied at the Public Health at Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam. Focal point for Harm Reduction in Sub Directorate HIV and STI, Ministry of Health, Indonesia.

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