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This book investigates how U.S. investors can benefit from international diversification and how currency hedging affects internationally diversified portfolios. Based on data from 2004-2010, international hedged and unhedged efficient frontiers are formatted. Two optimization processes are performed, using twenty national stock index portfolios and fifteen currencies. Moreover, three different hedging strategies are tested. The results show that hedging one individual country index portfolio leads in general to lower levels of standard deviation (risk), but also to lower level of excess returns. Furthermore, in the presence of short sales constraints, there is evidence that U.S. investors, who diversify their portfolios in developed and emerging markets simultaneously, should hedge their exchange rate exposure for low levels of risk, but not for higher levels of risk. When comparing the unitary hedging strategy to the Black´s universal hedging strategy, the unitary hedging strategy performs slightly better.

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Kleanthis Sigeris: Studied Business Economics at the Erasmus University Rotterdam and Finance & Accounting at Athens University of Economics and Business. His Master specialization in Financial Economics provided him deep knowledge in the areas of Risk Management and International Investments.

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