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Ethiopia, one of the least developed nations in the world, has proved the close relation that exists between low level of energy consumption and under-development by having low per capita energy consumption. Hence, devising appropriate mechanism for the development of energy sector in Ethiopia could solve a number of interrelated basic problems of the country. Physic nut is getting a special interest for a biodiesel production over other oil bearing plant species. So for effective utilization of the species, it is believed that high yielding provenance containing high oil in its seed must be identified before commercial plantings are commenced. Therefore, the present study was conducted to estimate variation of local Jatropha population for tree morphological and seed traits in Eastern Amhara Region. This book has contend the general view on the extent and nature of variation in physic nut, the estimate of variation, the heritability, Genetic gain from selection and correlation among traits of eastern Amhara physic nut population. The investors, Breeders, Farmers and Researchers in the sector of Jatropha based biodiesel production, will be the direct beneficiaries of this work

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