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Urban agriculture (UA) is associated with the production of fresh vegetables and milk by native and non-native farmers and households. It enhances consumption of healthy food and improves the livelihood of urban practitioners. This study investigates the main internal elements and external environments of UA in Khartoum, the capital of Sudan. Urban farmers are classified using a set of socioeconomic factors that affect farm income and describe the levels of farm income. Due to the fact that market access is one of the main factors of success, market channels are pictured. In addition, prices and price changes over time as well as the market characteristics from the wholesalers´ and farmers´ point of view are investigated. Changes in land use and upcoming land competition between agriculture and red brick production along the River Nile will affect the future economics and ecology of urban and peri-urban agriculture systems.

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