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This volume focuses on the history and context of HIV/AIDS in African Americans and interventions targeting specific subpopulations: adolescents, heterosexual men and women, men who have sex with men, incarcerated populations, and injection drug users.

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Among U. S. racial and ethnic minority populations, African American communities are the most disproportionately impacted and affected by HIV/AIDS (CDC, 2009; CDC, 2008). The chapters in this volume seek to explore factors that contribute to this disparity as well as methods for intervening and positively impacting the e- demic in the U. S. The book is divided into two sections. The first section includes chapters that explore specific contextual and structural factors related to HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention in African Americans. The second section is composed of chapters that address the latest in intervention strategies, including best-evidence and promising-evidence based behavioral interventions, program evaluation, cost effectiveness analyses and HIV testing and counseling. As background for the book, the Introduction provides a summary of the context and importance of other infectious disease rates, (i. e. , sexually transmitted diseases [STDs] and tubercu- sis), to HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment in African Americans and a brief introductory discussion on the major contextual factors related to the acquisition and transmission of STDs/HIV. Contextual Chapters Johnson & Dean author the first chapter in this section, which discusses the history and epidemiology of HIV/AIDS among African Americans. Specifically, this ch- ter provides a definition for and description of the US surveillance systems used to track HIV/AIDS and presents data on HIV or AIDS cases diagnosed between 2002 and 2006 and reported to CDC as of June 30, 2007.

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The Contribution to and Context of Other Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Tuberculosis in the HIV/AIDS Epidemic Among African Americans.- Context Chapters.- Epidemiology and Surveillance of HIV Infection and AIDS Among Non-Hispanic Blacks in the United States.- Racism, Poverty and HIV/AIDS Among African Americans.- Organized Religion and the Fight Against HIV/AIDS in the Black Community: The Role of the Black Church.- Disproportionate Drug Imprisonment Perpetuates the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in African American Communities.- Violence, Trauma, and Mental Health Disorders: Are They Related to Higher HIV Risk for African Americans?.- Countering the Surge of HIV/STIs and Co-occurring Problems of Intimate Partner Violence and Drug Abuse Among African American Women: Implications for HIV/STI Prevention.- Childhood Sexual Abuse, African American Women, and HIV Risk.- Interventions.- A Systematic Review of Evidence-Based Behavioral Interventions for African American Youth at Risk for HIV/STI Infection, 1988-2007.- HIV Behavioral Interventions for Heterosexual African American Men: A Critical Review of Cultural Competence.- HIV Prevention for Heterosexual African-American Women.- Formulating the Stress and Severity Model of Minority Social Stress for Black Men Who Have Sex with Men.- HIV Prevention Interventions for African American Injection Drug Users.- Structural Interventions with an Emphasis on Poverty and Racism.- HIV Behavioral Interventions for Incarcerated Populations in the United States: A Critical Review.- The HIV/AIDS Epidemic in the African American Community: Where Do We Go from Here?.

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