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This study examined the association of types and degree of limitations to functional capacities, and competitive employment outcomes; and selected VR services, and competitive employment, after controlling for demographic variables. The sample for this study consisted of 340 consumers of Illinois state-federal VR system whose cases were closed in fiscal years 2006 and 2007. Contrary to expectations, the degree of limitation across all areas of functional capacity, used by VR counselors to determine severity of disability and priority for services, were not found to be significantly related to competitive employment among customers with TBI. Results also found that, when relevant demographic characteristics are controlled, the odds of achieving competitive employment increased significantly for VR clients with TBI in Illinois who received job placement and on-the-job supports. For clients who were of minority background, received SSI/SSDI at application, or had lower socioeconomic status (based on income, education and pre-service work status), these odds significantly decreased. Service variables were stronger predictors of competitive employment than demographic variables.

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Paola Premuda Conti, Ph.D., CRC is an Assistant Professor of Rehabilitation Counseling and Rehabilitation Counseling Coordinator at the Dothan campus, Troy University (U.S.). She has published on vocational rehabilitation services for minorities, employment outcomes, and international vocational rehabilitation.

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