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This volume collects papers presented at the Founding Conference of the European Philosophy of Science Association meeting, held November 2007. It provides an excellent overview of the state of the art in philosophy of science in different European countries.

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Mauricio Suar ez, Mauro Dorato, and Miklos Redei These two volumescontaina selection of the papersdeliveredat the rst conference of the European Philosophy of Science Association (EPSA) which took place in Madrid,at ComplutenseUniversity,from14to 17November2007. The rst volume is entitled Epistemology and Methodology, and includes papers mainly concerned with general philosophy of science, rationality, and method. The second volume, devoted to Philosophical Issues in the Sciences, includes papers concerned with the philosophy of the sciences, particularly physics, economics, chemistry and - ology. Overall the selection has been very severe and took place in two stages. The 30-strong conference programme committee chaired by Mauro Dorato and Miklos R edei rst selected 160 papers forpresentationout of 410 abstracts submitted. After the conference the three of us went on to further select 60 papers among those - livered. The selection was made on the recommendation of the members of the programme committee and the chairs of the conference sessions, who were invited to nominatetheirfavouritepapersandprovidereasonsfortheir choices. Everypaper included in these volumes has been independently nominated by at least two ref- ees. There are thus good grounds to the claim that these essays constitute some of most signi cant and important research presently carried out in the philosophy of science throughoutEurope. The two volumes also represent the rst tangible outcome of the newly born EPSA. Together with the conference they in effect constitute the launching of the Association.

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Callebaut, W. Contingency and Inherency in Evolutionary Developmental Biology
Falkenburg, B. Wave-Particle Duality in Quantum Optics
Felline, L. Remarks on a Structural Account of Scientific Explanation
Ferreirós, J. Mathematical Knowledge and the Interplay of Practices
Frisch, M. Causal Models and the Asymmetry of State Preparation
Graßhoff, G. and A. Wüthrich Bell-type Inequalities from Separate Common Causes
Hartmann, S. and P. Suppes Entanglement, Upper Probabilities and Decoherence in Quantum Mechanics
Hendry, R. The Chemical Bond: Structure, Energy and Explanation
Idabouk, G. Randomness, Financial Markets and the Brownian Motion: A Reflection on the Role of Mathematics in their Interaction with Financial Theory After 1973
Kistler, M. Mechanisms and Downward CausationKrohs, U. Epistemic Consequences of Two Different Strategies for Decomposing Biological Networks
Morganti, M. Individual Particles, Properties and Quantum Statistics
Okasha, S. Evolution and Directionality: Lessons from Fishers Fundamental Theorem
Savitt, S. Relativity, Locality and Tense
Sieroka, N. A Weylian Approach Towards Theories of Matter: Dynamic Agents and Geometrisation
Sinigaglia, C. Mirroring and Understanding Action
Sus, A. Absolute Objects and General Relativity: Dynamical Considerations
Votsis, I. Making Contact with Observations
Werndl, C. The Formulation and Justification of Mathematical Definitions Illustrated By Deterministic Chaos
Worrall, J. Do we need some large, simple randomized trials in medicine?
Zinkernagel, H. Causal Fundamentalism in Physics
Castellani, E. Dualities and Intertheoretic Relations
Dieks, D. Are ´Identical Quantum Particles´ Weakly Discernible Objects?
Healey, R. Gauge Symmetry and the Theta-Vacuum
Lehmkuhl, D. Matter(s) in Relativity Theory
Pooley, O. Substantive General Covariance: Another Decade of Dispute
Szabó, L.E. Empirical Foundation ofSpace and Time
Zilhao, A. Incontinence, Honouring Sunk Costs and Rationality

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