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Disintegrated or distributed innovation, collaborative innovation, collective invention, collegial innovation, free innovation, open knowledge disclosure, free knowledge disclosure: are these all the same thing? This shows us there is some confusion regarding open innovation, or at least there is a need to cast a wider net around what open innovation is all about. The prevailing thought is that open innovation allows organizations to simultaneously expand their breadth of ideas, opportunities, and know-how while minimizing the technical and market risks associated with innovation. As a result, open innovation appears to come with little down side.

Del Giudice, Della Peruta, and Carayannis fill the gap in our understanding of this emerging research field of open innovation. Their work depicts the major tendencies of publications through identifying the main themes in literature and investigating the research frontier. It also discusses potentially important fields of investigation that are still left rather unexplored.

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Introduction; Elias G. Carayannis, Manlio Del Giudice and Maria Rosaria Della Peruta 1. Open Innovation in Management Science; Elias G. Carayannis 2. Open vs. Closed Innovation: Speculating about the Future of Technology Management; Elias G. Carayannis 3. Invention, Inventiveness and Open Innovation; Manlio Del Giudice 4. Open Innovation or Collective Invention? Conceptualizing the Debate; Manlio Del Giudice 5. Openness that Matters. Net Generation, Higher Education and Student Entrepreneurship; Manlio Del Giudice 6. On the External Dimension of Business Knowledge Flows: ´Markets for Knowledge Resources´; Maria Rosaria Della Peruta 7. What Open Innovation is: Local Search, Technological Boundaries and Sustainable Performance in Biopharmaceutical Experimentation; Maria Rosaria Della Peruta Index

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Author Elias G. Carayannis: Elias G. Carayannis is Full Professor of Science, Technology, Innovation and Entrepreneurship; co-Founder and co-Director of the Global and Entrepreneurial Finance Research Institute (GEFRI); and Director of Research on Science, Technology, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, European Union Research Center (EURC) at the School of Business of the George Washington University in Washington, DC, USA. He can be reached at caraye@gwu.edu.

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