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Mutualistic associations between host plants and their particular endosymbionts were found to confer a variety of benefits to both partners, such as, the production of bioactive secondary metabolites by the microbial partner which is involved in host plant protection against insects and parasites thereby representing an acquired chemical defense mechanism of the host. However, Talaromyces wortmannii which is used as endophytic microorganism represent not only a vast reservoir of novel natural products involved in chemical ecology but offer also opportunities for exploitation in medicine as a new antibiotic. At the end, a comprehensive overview and a future prospect on enhancing the production of secondary metabolites compounds and inducing silent biosynthetic pathways within the investigated fungi were explained. This can be achieved by adding epigenetic modifier compounds, co-cultivation between endophytic fungi or/and with bacteria as well as utilizing different diets.

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Robert Bara was born in Malang, Indonesia 38 years ago. He gained his bachelor at Sam Ratulangi University Manado, followed by getting his master at Wageningen University. On 2012 he finished his PhD at Heinrich-Heine University on the field of Natural Product Chemistry. Now he works as a lecturer and researcher at Sam Ratulangi University.

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