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With a foreword by Serge Haroche

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This collection of essays is above all intended to pay tribute to the fact that while QM today is a refined and incredibly successful instrument, many issues concerning the internal consistency and the interpretation of this theory are still not nearly as well understood as they ought to be.

In addition, whenever possible these essays take the opportunity to link foundational issues to the many exciting developments that are often linked to major experimental and technological breakthroughs in exploiting the electromagnetic field and in particular, its quantum properties and its interactions with matter, as well as to advances in solid state physics (such as new quantum Hall liquids, topological insulators and graphene). The present volume also focuses on various areas, including new interference experiments with very large molecules passing through double-slits, which test the validity of the Kochen-Specker theorem; new tests of the violation of Bell´s inequalities and the consequences of entanglement; new non-demolition measurements and tests of "wave-function collapse" to name but a few.

These experimental developments have raised many challenging questions for theorists, leading to a new surge of interest in the foundations of QM, which have puzzled physicists ever since this theory was pioneered almost ninety years ago.

The outcome of a seminar program of the same name on foundational issues in quantum physics (QM), organized by the editors of this book and addressing newcomers to the field and more seasoned specialists alike, this volume provides a pedagogically inspired snapshot view of many of the unresolved issues in the field of foundational QM.

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Theory of the Decoherence Effect in Finite and Infinite Open Quantum Systems Using the Algebraic Approach.- Quantum Systems and Resolvent Algebras.- What the Philosophical Interpretation of Quantum Theory Can Accomplish.- On the suffciency of the wavefunction.- The role of the probability current for time measurements.- Quantum Field Theory on Curved Spacetime and the Standard Cosmological Model.- Quantum Probability Theory and the Foundations of Quantum Mechanics.- Can relativity be considered complete ? From Newtonian nonlocality to quantum nonlocality and beyond.- Faces of Quantum Physics.- Computation through Neuronal Oscillations.- Local properties, Growth and Transport of Entanglement.- Unavoidable decoherence in matter wave interferometry.- Classical-like trajectories of a quantum particle in a cloud chamber.- Quantum Mechanics of Time.- Localization and Entanglement in Relativistic Quantum Physics.

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