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Biotransformation of Agricultural Waste and By-Products in the 4F Economy: The Food, Feed, Fiber, Fuel (4F) Economy presents an evaluation of plant species better exploitable for a particular transformation. As crops are already covering large parts of cultivable soils, is it is not conceivable to try to extend the cultures beyond the limit of available soils, but a further increase in productivity is not easy to obtain.

The book discusses advances in technology and plants design which support the exploitation and valorization of vegetable and fruit by-products through fermentation (feed-batch liquid fermentation, solid-state fermentation) in bio-based bio-chemicals/biofuels production. Pathways in the biosynthesis of fibers, sugars, and metabolites are provided with a focus on the lifecycle of bacteria, yeasts, and even plant species. The text analyzes cellular structures and the organization of cell walls in order to show which polysaccharides offer more favorable fermentative processes and which are detrimental.

Provides an overview of all plant based biosources
Includes examples of biochemical/biofuel production from plant waste
Discusses the production of enzymes used in the plant fermentation processes
Explores the new fermentation technologies and production of chemicals and fuels from various plants

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1. Plants biomasses, inedible body of plants, crop residues as valuable material for BBB 2. Fruit processing in Central America 3. Fruit wastes in Asia and rest of the world mango, fruit wastes, transformation, fibre exploitation 4. Plant waste management today, composting and biogas, lignocellulosic biofuel production 5. Biomass pre-treatment strategies, technologies, environmental performance, economic considerations, industrial implementation 6. Tobacco: methods for variety selection, varieties producing seeds rich in oils as a source for biodiesel 7. Fermentative production methods 8. Composition of plant biomass biotech engineering of cell wall to optimize biofuel production 9. Platform chemicals - Organic acids (succinic acid, itaconic acid) using Yeast Strains 10. Production, stabilization and uses of enzymes from fruit and vegetable by-products 11. Life cycle assessment and economy scale dimension of biobased processes 12. GMO acceptance in the world and issues for the overcoming of restrictions: Cisgenesis, RNA transfer, rootstock to shoot delivery, novel methods of transformation

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Poltronieri, Palmiro
Dr Palmiro Poltronieri is researcher at the Agrofood Department of the Italian National Research Council. He is co-founder of Biotecgen SME - a service company involved in European projects, such as RIBOREG, NANOMYC, ABSTRESS, and TOMGEM. He has also tutored researchers for another start up, Bioesplora, in the EU project TRANS-BIO. He is Associate Editor to BMC Research Notes and is editor-in-chief for Challenges, an MDPI journal. He holds a Ph.D. in Molecular and Cellular Biology from Verona University. His current interest is on abiotic stress response in roots of tolerant and sensitive chickpea varieties, on activation of the jasmonic acid synthesis, and in the biotic stress response in model plants.

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