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The pathway that links socioeconomic disadvantage to birth outcomes is little known. Data on the link between socioeconomic disadvantages to birth outcomes are important for planning maternal and child care services. Hence, this study determines the prevalence and examines the pathway between socioeconomic disadvantage and birth outcomes of maternal exposure to indoor air pollution, food insecurity and substance use during pregnancy. After analyzing all the relevant data, the study confirmed that socioeconomic disadvantage is indirectly affecting birth weight through maternal exposure to indoor air pollution, food insecurity and substance use.

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Yeshambel Workie Yimer (author) is a statistician at Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia. He holds a MS degree in Biostatistics, Gondar University of Ethiopia. His research interests include developing statistical methodologies and health related studies. Dr.Salie Ayalew (co-author) is Assistant Professor of Statistics at Gondar University.

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