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Politische Transformation - und dann? 25 Jahre nach dem Ende der Apartheid sieht sich die südafrikanische Gesellschaft nach wie vor mit drastischen Ungleichheiten konfrontiert. Carmen Ludwig nimmt den Wandel öffentlicher Dienstleistungen im Post-Apartheid-Südafrika und die Auswirkungen der kommunalen Privatisierungen in den Blick. Sie zeigt anhand dreier Großstädte politische Konfliktlinien und lokale Gewerkschaftsstrategien im Spannungsfeld von in- und exklusiver Solidarität auf. Zudem stellt sie die Frage, wie es Gewerkschaften gelingen kann, Solidarität in fragmentierten Belegschaften herzustellen.

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Table of Contents
Acknowledgements 9
1 Introduction 13
1.1 Central Research Question and Aims of Research 16
1.2 Overview of the Book 18
2 Theoretical Framework: Solidarity and Trade Union Power Resources 21
2.1 Scales of Power: Conceptualising Workers´ Power Resources 21
2.2 Power through Organisation 31
2.3 The Power to Disrupt Within and Outside the Workplace 35
2.4 Society as an Ally 37
2.5 The Dual Character of Institutional Power 40
2.6 Trade Union Strategies between Inclusive and Exclusive Solidarity 42
2.7 Interim Conclusion and Stages of Inquiry 44
3 Methodology and Research Design 47
3.1 Setting the Stage: The Selection of the Three Research Sites 48
3.2 Participant Observation and Problem-centred Interviews 51
3.3 Analysing the Field with the Extended Case Method 61
3.4 Conducting Research in a Contested Field 64
4 From Apartheid to Post-Apartheid: Labour in a Contested Terrain 69
4.1 Contesting the Labour Regime, Building Associational Power: A Brief History of the South African Labour Movement 69
4.2 From the Freedom Charter to GEAR: Conflicts within the Alliance on Macroeconomic Policy 78
4.3 Privatising Local Government: The Legislative Framework 83
4.4 The Fragmentation of the South African Labour Market: Core, Non-core, Periphery 89
4.5 The South African Labour Movement at a Crossroads 96
5 Privatisation and the Commodification of Public Services in Johannesburg and Cape Town 105
5.1 The Post-Apartheid Challenge: Restructuring Johannesburg 106
5.2 Hollowing out the local state: iGoli 2002 110
5.3 The SAMWU Response to iGoli 2002 116
5.4 Restructuring and Privatisation in Cape Town 127
5.5 The SAMWU Response to Privatisation 136
6 A Partial Inclusive Union Strategy: Organising a Fragmented Municipal Workforce in Johannesburg 141
6.1 Facing the Divide: The increasing Fragmentation of the Workforce in Pikitup 141
6.2 Contesting what a Labour Broker is: The Triangular Employment Relationship in Pikitup 153
6.3 The Manufacturing of Insecurity in the Workplace 160
6.4 The Pikitup Strike of 2011 166
6.5 Failing Interactions between Contract Workers and SAMWU 195
6.6 A Sense of Belonging: CWP Workers seeking Union Representation 209
6.7 Interim Conclusion: A Partial Inclusive Strategy of Union Representation 218
7 An Inclusive Union Strategy: Organising a Fragmented Municipal Workforce in Cape Town 221
7.1 Confronting the Effects of Privatisation in Cape Town 221
7.2 Experiences in Organising Workers in Private Waste Companies 237
7.3 The Campaign against Labour Broking in Cape Town 245
7.4 An Uphill Battle: Taking up the Struggle of EPWP Workers 256
7.5 Mobilising Power Resources: Extending the Core 288
7.6 Logistical Power and the Contested Post-Apartheid Order 290
7.7 Discursive Power and the Legitimacy of Claims 294
7.8 Labour and Community Alliances in Cape Town 296
7.9 Interim Conclusion: An Inclusive Union Strategy 302
8 An Exclusive Union Strategy: Organising a Fragmented Municipal Workforce in Ekurhuleni 305
8.1 Conditions and Effects of Outsourcing in the Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality 305
8.2 "SAMWU we need our jobs back": Cleaning Workers in Ekurhuleni 311
8.3 Alternative Forms of Organisation: The Casual Workers Advice Office in Germiston 318
8.4 Exclusive Solidarity: SAMWU´s Strategy towards Non-core Workers 320
9 Conclusion 325
Figures 335
Tables 337
Abbreviations 339
References 342
Index 377

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