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The aim of the study is to investigate the effect an implementation of a 7th court player has on the efficiency to score for teams of the German DKB Handball-Bundesliga. The study will fill the gap in analyzing the changes following the amendment of rule 4:1 with the highest number of cases (n= 2,336) of all studies published yet with a qualitative as well as quantitative, mixed-methods design. Moreover, practical training and coaching implications will be discussed. A measurement theoretical approach will be performed together with interference statistical connections. The variable, goal or no goal, will be the dichotomous variable in a cross sectional design.
The sample consists of all DKB Handball-Bundesliga teams that were part of the first league during the last 2 years since the amendment of rule 4:1. This led to 15 teams having 2 years and 6 teams having 1 year of analysis due to relegation. Change of ball possession was the category, which defined a finished attack. An exception was made for 7m penalties awarded in the respective player constellation.

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Dr. Julian Bauer studied Sports Sciences and English at the Universities of Duisburg-Essen, Malta, Wuppertal, Maastricht and Mallorca. After completing his PhD in training sciences, he worked as a coach at the NRW-Sports school in Düsseldorf and as a sport teacher.
Moreover he is a coach of the Handballverband Niederrhein. Since 2017 he is also a lecturer at the Institution of Sports- and Movement sciences at the University of Duisburg-Essen.
He is a member of the teaching staff of the Handballverband Niederrhein and the German Handball Association and worked as a speaker for different institutions such as the International Handball Federation, the District Government and the Chinese Handball Association.
Besides numerous publications e.g. for the journal of Handballtraining his main research interest focuses on sport specific training sciences, quantitative analysis methods and collective sports games teaching.

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